Ike usu nke lasers

Ike mkpali nke laser na-ezo aka na ike nke laser pulse na-ebuga kwa nkeji oge. Dịka ọ na-adịkarị, laser nwere ike ịpụta ebili mmiri na-aga n'ihu (CW) ma ọ bụ ebili mmiri pulsed, nke ikpeazụ dị oke mkpa na ọtụtụ ngwa dịka nhazi ihe, nchọpụta ihe dịpụrụ adịpụ, akụrụngwa ahụike, na nyocha sayensị. Ịghọta njirimara nke ike pulse laser dị oke mkpa maka imeziwanye arụmọrụ ya na imeziwanye arụmọrụ ngwa.

1. Nkọwa na Ntụle nke Ike Pulse

Ike pulse laser bụ ike nke pulse laser ọ bụla na-ewepụta, nke a na-atụkarị na joules (J). N'adịghị ka laser ebili mmiri na-aga n'ihu (CW), laser pulsed na-ewepụta ike n'ime obere oge, oke ike ahụ na-ejikọkarị ya na oge pulse (obosara pulse) na ike kachasị elu.

Enwere ike ịgbakọ ike pulse site na iji usoro ndị a: E = Ppeak × τ. Ebe E bụ ike mkpali (joules), Ppeak bụ ike kachasị elu nke pulse (watts), na τ bụ oge pulse (sekọnd). Nke a pụtara na ike mkpali metụtara ma ike kachasị elu ma obosara pulse.

2. Ihe Ndị Na-emetụta Ike Pulse

Ọtụtụ ihe na-emetụta ike mkpali nke laser, gụnyere:

①Nhazi na Ụdị Laser:
Ụdị laser dị iche iche na-emetụta nha ike pulse. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, laser siri ike na-enye ike pulse dị elu, nke dabara adaba maka ngwa ndị chọrọ mmepụta ike dị elu. N'aka nke ọzọ, laser eriri nwere ike imepụta pulse nwere ike dị elu site na ịgbanwe ogologo ebili ha.

②Oge Mkpụrụ Obi (Obosara Mkpụrụ Obi):
Ka obosara pulse dị mkpụmkpụ, otú ahụ ka ike kachasị elu na-arị elu n'oge enyere, nke na-enye ohere maka ike pulse dị elu. A na-agbanwekarị obosara pulse na laser pulsed n'etiti nanoseconds na picoseconds, ebe a na-ejikarị obere pulses eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe n'ihi ike kachasị elu ha.

③Ike na Ngbanwe Ike Laser:
Arụmọrụ nke laser ahụ na-ekpebi kpọmkwem mmepụta ike. Ụfọdụ sistemụ laser nwere ike ime ka arụmọrụ mgbanwe dịkwuo mma site na ime ka nhazi nke ihe gain ma ọ bụ oghere laser dịkwuo mma, si otú a na-eme ka ike pulse dịkwuo elu.

④Ihe Mgbakwụnye Laser:
N'ọtụtụ sistemụ laser nwere ike dị elu, a na-eji amplifiers eme ka ike mmepụta dịkwuo elu. Site na mmụba nke ọkwa dị iche iche, ike pulse nwere ike ịbawanye nke ukwuu.

⑤Ugbu a nke draịva laser:
Ọkụ draịva nke sistemụ laser diode ma ọ bụ laser bụ isi ihe na-emetụta ike mmepụta ya na ike pulse. Site na ịgbanwe ọkụ eletrik, enwere ike ịgbanwe ọnọdụ mkpali nke laser, si otú a na-emetụta mmepụta ike pulse.

3. Ngwa nke Ike Pulse Laser

Nha ike pulse laser na-ekpebi ma ọ dabara maka ubi dị iche iche. Ụfọdụ ngwa ndị a na-ejikarị eme ihe gụnyere:

①Nhazi ihe:
N'ịkwado ọkụ, ịkpụ, na ịkpụ ihe na laser, enwere ike ijikwa ike mkpali nke ọma iji nweta nhazi dị irè na nke ziri ezi. Ike mkpali dị elu dabara adaba maka nhazi ihe ígwè, ebe a na-eji pulses dị obere maka ọgwụgwọ elu dị mma.

②Ngwa Ahụike:
A na-ejikarị laser pulsed eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe n'ọgwụ, ọkachasị maka ịwa ahụ laser, ọgwụgwọ akpụkpọ ahụ, na ọgwụgwọ anya. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, laser pulsed nwere ike itinye ike laser nke ogologo ebili mmiri kpọmkwem n'ebe dị obere maka iwepụ anụ ahụ na-arịa ọrịa ma ọ bụ ịgwọ ọrịa anya.

③LiDAR na Nchọpụta Anya:
Teknụzụ LiDAR na-adabere na laser ike pulse dị elu maka nhazi na onyonyo ziri ezi. Na nlekota gburugburu ebe obibi, ịkwọ ụgbọala onwe ya, na nlekota drone, nha ike pulse na-emetụta kpọmkwem anya na mkpebi nchọpụta nke sistemụ LiDAR.

④Nnyocha Sayensị:
Laser ndị a na-eji pulsed na-arụkwa ọrụ dị mkpa na nnwale na fiziki, kemistri, na bayoloji. Site n'ịchịkwa ike pulse kpọmkwem, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị nwere ike ime nnyocha laser nke na-akpali spectroscopy, ngwa ngwa nke ihe ndị dị na ya, na nyocha oyi laser.

4. Ụzọ isi mee ka ike pulse dịkwuo elu

Ụzọ ndị a na-ejikarị eme ka ike pulse laser dịkwuo elu gụnyere:

①Nweta Nhazi Ọkara:
Site n'ịhọrọ usoro uru kwesịrị ekwesị na ime ka nhazi nke oghere laser dị mma, ike mmepụta nke laser nwere ike ịbawanye.

②Nkwalite Laser nke ọtụtụ ogbo:
Ngwa amplifiers dị iche iche nwere ike ime ka ike pulse nke laser dịkwuo elu iji mezuo ihe achọrọ maka ngwa dị iche iche.

③Ịbawanye Oke Ọsọ ma ọ bụ Obosara Pulse Drive:
Ịgbanwe ọkụ eletrik ma ọ bụ obosara pulse nke laser nwere ike ibute ike pulse buru ibu.

④Teknụzụ Mkpakọ Pulse:
Site na iji usoro mkpakọ pulse, enwere ike ime ka oge pulse dị mkpụmkpụ, mee ka ike kachasị elu ya dịkwuo elu ma wepụta ike karịa n'oge dị mkpirikpi.

5. Mmechi

Ike pulse laser bụ ihe dị mkpa nke na-emetụta arụmọrụ na ojiji nke laser n'ọtụtụ ngalaba. Site na ọganihu na-aga n'ihu na teknụzụ laser, laser pulsed ga-enwe ọtụtụ ọrụ n'ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ. Site na igwe nhazi ziri ezi ruo na nchọpụta anya na ọgwụgwọ ahụike, mmepụta ike dị elu nke laser pulsed na-emepe ohere ọhụrụ. Ịghọta echiche ndị bụ isi nke ike pulse na ihe ndị na-emetụta ya nwere ike inyere aka mee nhọrọ sayensị karịa mgbe ị na-emepụta ma na-etinye sistemụ laser.