Mwepu Semiconductor Resistivity: Isi ihe dị mkpa maka njikwa arụmọrụ

Na ngwa elektrọnik ọgbara ọhụrụ na optoelectronics, ihe ndị semiconductor na-arụ ọrụ na-enweghị atụ. Site na smartphones na radar ụgbọ ala gaa na laser ọkwa ụlọ ọrụ, ngwaọrụ semiconductor nọ ebe niile. N'ime isi ihe niile, resistivity bụ otu n'ime metrik kachasị dị mkpa maka nghọta na imepụta arụmọrụ ngwaọrụ semiconductor.

1. Gịnị bụ Resistivity?

Nkwụghachi azụ bụ ọnụọgụ anụ ahụ nke na-atụ etu ihe si emegide mgbaba ọkụ eletrik, nke a na-egosipụtakarị na ohm-centimeters (Ω·cm). Ọ na-egosipụta "nguzogide" dị n'ime nke electrons na-enweta ka ha na-agafe na ihe. Ọla n'ozuzu nwere obere resistivity, insulators nwere nnukwu resistivity, na semiconductor na-ada ebe n'etiti-na agbakwunyere uru nke tunable resistivity. Resistivity ρ = R * (L / A), ebe: R bụ nguzogide eletriki, A bụ akụkụ akụkụ nke ihe, L bụ ogologo ihe.

2. Ihe ndị na-emetụta Semiconductor Resistivity

N'adịghị ka ọla, a naghị edozi resistivity nke semiconductor. Ọtụtụ isi ihe na-emetụta ya:
① Ụdị ihe: Ihe dị iche iche nke semiconductor dị ka silicon (Si), gallium arsenide (GaAs), na indium phosphide (InP) nwere ụkpụrụ resistivity dị iche iche.
② Doping: Ewebata dopants (dị ka boron ma ọ bụ phosphorus) n'ụdị dị iche iche na ntinye uche na-agbanwe ntinye nke onye na-ebu ya, na-emetụta oke mgbochi.
③ Okpomọkụ: Semiconductor resistivity dabere na ọnọdụ okpomọkụ. Ka okpomọkụ na-abawanye, ntinye uche nke ndị na-ebu ibu na-arị elu, na-ebutekarị resistivity dị ala.
④ Ọdịdị kristal na ntụpọ: ezughị okè na nhazi kristal-dị ka nkwụsịtụ ma ọ bụ ntụpọ-nwere ike igbochi mbugharị ụgbọelu ma si otú ahụ na-emetụta nkwụsị.

3. Kedu ka Resistivity si emetụta arụmọrụ ngwaọrụ

N'ime ngwa bara uru, resistivity na-emetụta ike oriri, ọsọ nzaghachi na nkwụsi ike ọrụ. Ọmụmaatụ:

N'ime laser diodes, oke mgbochi dị elu na-eduga na ikpo ọkụ dị ịrịba ama, nke na-emetụta nrụpụta ọkụ na ndụ ngwaọrụ.

Na ngwaọrụ RF, resistivity ejiri nlezianya na-ege ntị na-enyere aka dakọtara impedance kacha mma yana mgbasa ozi ka mma.

Na fotodetectors, ihe nrụpụta dị elu na-adịkarị mkpa maka ịrụ ọrụ dị ugbu a gbara ọchịchịrị dị ala.
Ya mere, nhazi na njikwa nke resistivity dị oke mkpa na injinịa ngwaọrụ semiconductor.

4. Ụdị nkwụghachi ụgwọ ụlọ ọrụ a na-ahụkarị (Ụkpụrụ ntụaka)

Ụdị Mgbochi ihe (Ω·cm)
Silicon dị n'ime (Si) ~ 2.3 × 10⁵
Silicon doped (n-ụdị/p-ụdị) 10⁻³ ~ 10²
Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) 10⁶ (ọkara mkpuchi) ~ 10⁻³
Indium phosphide (InP) 10 ~ 10 ²

5. Nkwubi okwu

Resistivity abụghị naanị oke ihe - ọ bụ isi ihe na-emetụta arụmọrụ na ntụkwasị obi nke ngwaọrụ semiconductor ozugbo. Na Lumispot, anyị na-ebuli resistivity site na nhọrọ ihe, usoro doping ziri ezi, yana njikwa usoro a nụchara anụcha iji hụ na ngwaọrụ anyị na-ebuga arụmọrụ dị elu yana arụ ọrụ kwụsiri ike n'ofe ngwa dị iche iche.

6. Banyere Anyị

Lumispot bụ ọkachamara na mmepe na imepụta lasers semiconductor dị elu na ngwaọrụ optoelectronic. Anyị ghọtara ọrụ dị oke egwu nke paramita ihe dị ka resistivity na-arụ na arụmọrụ ngwaahịa. Kpọtụrụ anyị ka ịmatakwu banyere njikwa resistivity, ihe semiconductor ahaziri ahaziri, yana ihe ngwọta laser ahaziri maka mkpa ngwa gị.